Author: Clive Rogers

Sonnet 32

Time hurries when we are in love or experiencing joy, and slows down when we are heartbroken or in despair.

The speaker asks time to slow down when she is experiencing love rather than speeding up.

Sonnet 75

The name written in the sand is erased by the tide.

She says that, like a name written in the sand, she too will eventually cease to exist; neither she nor her name can be immortalized.

The speaker says that though no one can escape death, he and his love can be comforted by the fact that their love will live on.

Sonnet 12

He says that as the seasons change, time passes, and that as time passes, we all age. With age comes the loss of beauty; just as leaves fall and beautiful trees become bare, our hair becomes white and wrinkles form, etc.

The speaker says that the only defense against time is to have children, who will live on and continue your legacy after you’ve passed away.

Sonnet 60

He compares the passage of minutes to the movement of waves toward the shore.

He says that even though all lives are eventually lost to time, his poem will exist long after his death.

Sonnet 73

The speaker in the poem is nearing the end of his life.

The speaker advises that the reader takes time to love what they know they may soon lose.

Notebook

The LA Theatre Works help>
The Librivox recording is not as easy to understand intuitively. This information is given only through words (stage direction and dialogue), which are mostly unvaried. One must listen closely to understand the atmosphere of the situation.

The LA Theatre Works version is different than reading the play in that it does not include stage directions; it also includes more intense emotion than one might experience when reading the work. The Librivox recording is more similar to the text itself, but is perhaps a little faster-paced and flatter than one might read the scene.

Media Vocabulary

The librivox audio is very clear, and its quick pacing makes it a good listening choice for someone who is already familiar with Macbeth but wants to review parts of it.

The mood is established both through the ominous, ambient sound effects and the emotions of the actors delivering the dialogue.

The LA Theatre Works audio had better pacing. Unlike the Librivox recording, the actors delivered their lines with variations in the pace of their speech as well as pauses where natural. This helps the reader better understand the atmosphere of the situation and how the characters are feeling.

Comp>

The LA Theatre works production contains a low, resonant note, similar to tones one might hear during a tense part of a horror movie. The Doctor then begins to speak.

The dialogue in the LA Theatre Works production is much more natural than the Librivox dialogue.

Stage directions are included in the Librivox production.

The LA Theatre Works production contains sound effects.

The main difference between the two productions is that the LA Theatre Works audio is more immersive and feels more theatrical. The characters in this version display more emotion in their voice and are more believable overall; it seems like this version has higher production value than the Librivox production.

• Tags My Perspectives: British and World Literature Grade 12 Volume One, 9780133339635

Read It

a) lily-livered (p>whey-face (p>b) Both adjectives refer to the servant that Macbeth is arguing with. These compound adjectives make the servant seem weak and fearful.

Why These Words

Perturbation (anxiety), agitation (the act of disturbance), and usurp>Antidote (a cure; something that counteracts a poison), pristine (in perfect order), and purge (the removal of undesired qualities/individuals) all refer to the return to order. They each refer to the removal of disturbances.

Words relating to disorder: disease (p>Words relating to the return to order: undone (pg 337), cure (pg 339), cleanse (pg 340)

Practice

Perturbation: The nurse tried to ease Aaron’s p>
Antidote: Lisa was always careful to carry an antidote with her on hikes in case she was bitten by a venomous snake.

Agitation: Though she insisted she was calm, Henry could sense the agitation in his mother’s voice.

Pristine: The freshly cleaned hotel room was in p>
Purge: The drink was said to p>
Usurper: The town was distrustful of the new king, a usurper who had forcefully taken the throne.

Practice

See full solution for chart listing Macbeth’s tragic flaws + the actions that reveal these flaws.

In this scene, the audience is aware that Lady Macbeth is “ill” because of her guilt over her hand in the recent murders. Macbeth is also aware that this is the reason for her illness. The doctor does not know this, so is therefore unable to effectively treat her, yet Macbeth expects him to “cure” her somehow.

Comp>

She reveals that she played a role in the deaths of Banquo and Lady Macduff.

The witches told Macbeth that “none of woman born” can harm him; he believes that Macduff falls into this category and therefore cannot hurt him.

As the act goes on, worries of Lady Macbeth’s mental state rise; she has revealed her guilt during a sleepwalking episode and begins to descend into madness. The English and Scottish armies plan to join forces against Macbeth, who is confident that he will be fine. The army agrees to use tree branches from the forest to disguise themselves as they approach the castle that Macbeth is occupying. Lady Macbeth dies, and the battle begins shortly after her death. Macbeth is confident during the battle that he cannot be hurt because of the witches’ prophecy that “none of woman born” can harm him, but is defeated by Macduff, who was removed from the womb via C-section. Malcom becomes king of Scotland.

Practice

a) Banquo could be considered the archetyp>b) The image of Banquo upsets Macbeth because Macbeth has murdered him, and the image shows his sons becoming royalty. Not only is Macbeth likely guilty over his actions, but he also feels that his position of power is still being threatened by Banquo.

a) Near the beginning of act iii, Malcom says that though angels are bright, even the brightest angel falls from grace. (p>b) The image of the fallen angel is more compelling because it seems more relevant to the situation at hand. It demonstrates that even though Macbeth had the potential to be good, he ultimately succumbed to his power hungry nature and created a terrible scenario.

See solution for filled out imagery/theme chart.

Why These Words

warranted (IV.iii.137), judicious (IV,i,16)

Analyze the Text

A) In the end of Scene i, Macbeth resolves to kill Macduff’s family by sending murderers to his castle. This imp>B) In the future is shows that he will act without thought, but through his heart only.

A) Ross exp>B) Ross does believe this, as his following actions align with these words. He thinks that due to how Macbeth is abusing his power, it makes sense for people like Macduff to plot against the throne.

A)In Scene ii, Malcom tests MacDuff by suggesting that he could gain the throne if he wanted it. Macduff refuses, saying he would not be hap>B) Malcolm’s test reveals that Malcolm is wary and distrusting of even his closest friends until they prove worth to him. MacDuff gains the trust of Malcolm when he denies the idea, and wants only to bring justice and peace to the country though removing Macbeth.

Comp>

As the witches complete their predictions in Scene i of Act IV, they finish by “charming the air” and performing a circular dance right before Lennox enters, as they know that he is arriving. When they eventually vanish, Lennox is not able to see them while Macbeth insists that they were there. (pg 319)

During Scene ii of Act iv, Lady Macduff is angry at her husband for fleeing their estate and leaving her alone. Ross consoles her by suggesting that she doesn’t understand how dire the situation is, and that he is only gone for a good reason, as he knows the, “The fits o’ th’ seasons”, pg 321.

By the end of Act iv, Macduff and Malcolm conspire to kill Macbeth for being unfit and undeserving of the throne. Macduff tells Malcolm, “Fit to govern. No, not fit to live!”(325) after Macbeth killed Macduff’s family to protect his throne. Malcolm agrees that, although it is a horrible thing, he is sworn to do what is best for his country, even after being tempted by Macduff over his loyalty and Macolm’s own desire to possibly take the throne. The two agree that Macbeth must be removed from power.

In Act IV of Macbeth, the witches come to give another round of prophecies that lead Macbeth to vow fully to act upon instinct for the rest of the play. He will no longer deal with moral dilemma or ethics, but by his heart. In another castle, Lady Macduff expresses suspicions at her husband being gone for so long before murderers sent by Macbeth come to slay her son. When this news reaches Macduff, who is conspiring with Malcolm, they both vow to bring war to Macbeth.

Concep>

• Tags My Perspectives: British and World Literature Grade 12 Volume One, 9780133339635

Assignment

This exercise requires you to read a speech from the text (chosen in example 1) to reflect the feelings of the character who said it. In this exercise, the tone and rhythm of speech can reflect how the character will feel in making his/her point.

Choose a Sp>

An example of a speech you could use is the speech in which Lady Macbeth argues for Macbeth’s friends to leave the castle when Macbeth sees Banquo’s ghost and almost admits to his murder. This line of dialogue happens near the end of Act III.

Analyze the Sp>

Analyze the sp>
Point of view: Lady Macbeth knows the actions of Macbeth, and how he is frail due to his guilty conscience. Therefore, this speech comes loaded with subtext toward the attitude of her husband’s manhood.

Reasoning: For this question, refer to the speech section in Exercise 1. Lady Macbeth reasons with the table that Macbeth’s actions must be the case of an illness, for why else would he feel such a strange way towards Banquo and the guests. Lady Macbeth feels the only appropriate way out of this mess would be to fake Macbeth as being sick.

Word Choice: For this question, refer to the speech section in Exercise 1. Lady Macbeth’s use of the term “displaced mirth” to settle her guests and remain polite while in the same breath insulting Macbeth’s behavior. She additionally uses the word “enraged” to make Macbeth seem unapproachable, so that his friends will not ask him incriminating questions while he is in such a vulnerable state.

Emphasis: For this question, refer to the speech section in Exercise 1. The main emphasis in Lady Macbeth’s dialogue is to make an excuse so that Macbeth and the guests can part ways without any worse behavior being displayed.

Links Between ideas: For this question, refer to the speech section in Exercise 1. Lady Macbeth uses logical reasoning to explain why her guests should leave the castle. She explains that because Macbeth has “displaced the mirth” of the evening and he is “enraged” that is guests should leave immediately.

Rehearse the Recitation

Rehearse: With a partner, try to memorize the speech that Lady Macbeth makes on page 307, as shown in Exercise 1.

Present the Recitation

Present: using the prompt on page 312, present the speech to communicate clearly the dialogue and intentions of Lady Macbeth

Lead A Discussion

Discussion: In discussion, it might be helpful to mention the intentions of Lady Macbeth towards her guests (respect, courtesy) in conflict with her feelings toward Macbeth (hostility, shame, fear).